| Movie | 2008 | Steve Earle: Live at Montreux | | |
| Movie | 2022 | Peter Case: A Million Miles Away | | |
| Movie | 2021 | Learning to Live Together: The Return of Mad Dogs & Englishmen | Self | |
| Movie | 2011 | Steve Earle & The Dukes and Duchesses: The AVO Session Basel | | |
| Movie | 2008 | In Prison My Whole Life | Self | |
| Movie | 2007 | Slacker Uprising | Self | |
| Movie | 1976 | Heartworn Highways | Self | |
| Movie | 2002 | Steve Earle Transcendental Blues Live | Himself | |
| Movie | 2010 | Love Shines | Self | |
| Movie | 2017 | Born in Bristol: The Untold Story of the Birth of Country Music | Self | |
| Movie | 2004 | Return to Sin City: A Tribute to Gram Parsons | Self (vocals, acoustic guitar) | |
| Movie | 2015 | The World Made Straight | Carlton | |
| Movie | 2004 | The Pogues Live at the Town and Country | | |
| Movie | 2015 | Dixieland | Uncle Randy | |
| Movie | 2013 | Greenwich Village: Music That Defined a Generation | Self | |
| Movie | 2020 | Live with Carnegie Hall: Judy Collins | Self | |
| Movie | 2015 | We're Still Here: Johnny Cash's Bitter Tears Revisited | Self | |
| Movie | 2013 | The Tao of Bluegrass: A Portrait of Peter Rowan | Self | |
| Movie | 2023 | Stoned Cold Country | | |
| Movie | 2004 | Be Here to Love Me | Self - Musician | |
| Movie | 2012 | Musicwood | Himself | |
| Movie | 2016 | Misfortune | Jim | |
| Movie | 2007 | The Old, Weird America: Harry Smith's Anthology of American Folk Music | Self | |
| Movie | 2009 | Joan Baez: How Sweet the Sound | Self | |
| Movie | 2004 | Steve Earle: Live from Austin, Texas | Self | |
| Movie | 2003 | Just an American Boy: A Film About Steve Earle | Himself | |
| Movie | 2012 | Steve Earle: Live at The Factory Theatre | Performer | |
| Movie | 2016 | The Life & Songs of Emmylou Harris | Self | |
| Movie | 1996 | Emmylou Harris Building the Wrecking Ball | Self | |
| Movie | 2019 | Bluebird | Self | |
| Movie | 2018 | On Tour: Steve Earle & The Dukes | Performer | |
| Movie | 2008 | Steve Earle: Live From Austin, TX | | |
| Movie | 2019 | Ode to Guy Clark: Steve Earle in Austin, TX | | |
| Movie | 2021 | Without Getting Killed or Caught | Self | |
| Movie | 2006 | The Harry Smith Project Live | Self | |
| Movie | 2009 | Leaves of Grass | Buddy Fuller | |
| Movie | 1999 | Gram Parsons All-Star Tribute: Sessions at West 54th | | |
| Movie | 2005 | Steve Earle: The DVD Collection | | |
| Movie | 1975 | Nashville | Concert-goer (uncredited) | |
| Movie | 2001 | Last Party 2000 | Self | |
| Movie | N/A | Marfa Lights | Luther | |
| TV Show | 2021 | This Is Pop | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 2002 | The Wire | Walon | 2 |
| TV Show | 2005 | The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 2006 | 30 Rock | Steve Earle | 2 |
| TV Show | 1993 | Late Night with Conan O'Brien | Self - Musical Guest | 1 |
| TV Show | 2002 | CMT Crossroads | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 1975 | Austin City Limits | Self | 2 |
| TV Show | 1999 | Law & Order: Special Victims Unit | Prison Teacher | 1 |
| TV Show | 2020 | Guitar Town with Steve Earle | Self | 18 |
| TV Show | 2023 | Poker Face | Lou | 1 |
