| Movie | 2004 | Word Wars | Himself | |
| Movie | 2011 | Your Sister's Sister | Al | |
| Movie | 2011 | Cedar Rapids | Trent | |
| Movie | 2012 | Sleepwalk with Me | Matt | |
| Movie | 2008 | Mike Birbiglia: What I Should Have Said Was Nothing | Himself | |
| Movie | 2012 | This American Life Live: The Invisible Made Visible | Self | |
| Movie | 2014 | The Fault in Our Stars | Patrick | |
| Movie | 2013 | Mike Birbiglia: My Girlfriend's Boyfriend | Self | |
| Movie | 2013 | Bear Has a Story to Tell | | |
| Movie | 2023 | Mike Birbiglia: The Old Man and the Pool | Self | |
| Movie | 2014 | This American Life: Live at BAM | Himself | |
| Movie | 2015 | Digging for Fire | Phil | |
| Movie | 2015 | Misery Loves Comedy | Self | |
| Movie | 2015 | Hot Pursuit | Steve (Running Date) | |
| Movie | 2022 | A Man Called Otto | Dye & Merica Real Estate Agent | |
| Movie | 2009 | This American Life - Return to the Scene of the Crime | Mike Birbiglia | |
| Movie | 2024 | Good One: A Show About Jokes | Self | |
| Movie | 2015 | Trainwreck | Tom | |
| Movie | 2016 | Popstar: Never Stop Never Stopping | Blonde CMZ Reporter | |
| Movie | 2016 | Don't Think Twice | Miles | |
| Movie | 2014 | Annie | Social Services Inspector | |
| Movie | 2024 | Group Therapy | Self | |
| Movie | 2000 | The Standard Deviants: The Hyperlinked World of Learning HTML | Himself | |
| Movie | 1999 | The Standard Deviants: The Revolutionary World of American Government | Self | |
| Movie | 2016 | Tramps | Scott | |
| Movie | 2011 | I'm Coming Over | Tom Moore | |
| Movie | 2017 | Mike Birbiglia: Thank God for Jokes | Self | |
| Movie | 2010 | Going the Distance | Toby | |
| Movie | 2014 | Adult Beginners | Braden | |
| Movie | 2015 | Thank You, Del: The Story of the Del Close Marathon | Self | |
| Movie | 2019 | It Started As a Joke | Self | |
| Movie | 2019 | Mike Birbiglia: The New One | Himself | |
| Movie | 2007 | Bob & Tom Comedy All-Stars Tour | Himself | |
| Movie | 2024 | Colin Jost & Michael Che Present: New York After Dark | Self - Performer | |
| Movie | 2025 | Mike Birbiglia: The Good Life | Self | |
| Movie | 2007 | Stanley Cuba | Stanley | |
| TV Show | 2013 | Orange Is the New Black | Danny Pearson | 12 |
| TV Show | 2018 | Summer Camp Island | Howard (voice) | 17 |
| TV Show | 2003 | LOL with The N | Self - Presenter | 4 |
| TV Show | 2014 | Late Night with Seth Meyers | Self | 7 |
| TV Show | 2014 | The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon | Self | 4 |
| TV Show | 2022 | Human Resources | Barry (voice) | 4 |
| TV Show | 2003 | Jimmy Kimmel Live! | Self | 3 |
| TV Show | 2018 | The Shivering Truth | (voice) | 1 |
| TV Show | 2014 | Broad City | Richard Miller | 1 |
| TV Show | 2003 | Jimmy Kimmel Live! | Self - Guest | 1 |
| TV Show | 2014 | The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon | Self - Guest | 1 |
| TV Show | 2019 | The Kelly Clarkson Show | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 2000 | Standard Deviants TV | Himself | 1 |
| TV Show | 2014 | Last Week Tonight with John Oliver | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 2024 | John Mulaney Presents: Everybody's in L.A. | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 2024 | After Midnight | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 2023 | Off Script with The Hollywood Reporter | Self | 1 |
| TV Show | 2016 | Billions | Oscar Langstraat | 1 |
| TV Show | 2010 | Conan | Self | 2 |
| TV Show | 2015 | The Late Show with Stephen Colbert | Self | 2 |
| TV Show | 2000 | Standard Deviants TV | Judge | 1 |
| TV Show | 2023 | Command Z | Time Traveler | 1 |
| TV Show | 2024 | Hasan Minhaj Doesn't Know | Self | 1 |
